The Middle Ages                     page 1

The Geography of Europe

Europe - is the second smallest continent, but has a very large population for                    its size

                -  is a land of many nations   

                                    ex.  Russia is the largest,    Vatican City is the smallest

  Europe is part of a large landmass called EURASIA

                       EURASIA includes two continents: Europe and Asia

Europe has many natural regions:

1.     low lying plains

                                ex.  North European Plain - most fertile farmland in Europe

2.     high plateaus                     

3.    high mountains

                                           ex.  Alps, Apennines, Pyrenees

 

4.      islands

                                           ex.  the British Isles, Iceland

5.    many navigable rivers

   navigable means - wide or deep enough to be traveled on by ships

  ex..        1. Volga -       Europe's longest river

                2.  Danube -  Source in Carpathians; empties into Black Sea

                3.   Rhine –  source in Alps

                4.   Rhone - source in Alps

                              5.   Thames flows through London, UK

                              6.  Seine - flows through Paris, France
Europe contains many landlocked nations
          Landlocked means: completely surrounded by land
Europe is often called the peninsula of peninsulas.  WHY?

It is really a huge peninsula that is made up of many smaller peninsulas.

*** Because Europe has so many islands and peninsulas, it has a very long

               COASTLINE.... which allows it to have many harbors and ports

and this leads to......

What is the effect of Europe having so many major rivers?

                               1. travel      2. trade      3. power (hydroelectric, etc)  4. communication

and, of course, CULTURAL DIFFUSION

EUROPE  has many climates (look at map on p 211 GB)
 How many different climates?  nine 
HOWEVER, the climate is mainly temperate, or mild due to the fact that winds bring warm air from currents in the Atlantic Ocean.

1.    The Gulf Stream warm ocean current that flows

N. and E. from across Atlantic from Gulf of Mexico

                     2.    North Atlantic Drift -currents that flow around the British Isles

Europe’s rich geographic features encouraged the growth of  civilization.....

1.  navigable rivers

2.  mild climate

3.  central location

4.  long coastline

5.  the North European Plain